宋宗合：公益慈善事业的最大贡献是什么？
<div class="wx_rich_media_content" id="jsWxContainer"><section style="letter-spacing: 1px; line-height: 2; padding-right: 8px; padding-left: 8px; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;" data-mpa-powered-by="yiban.io"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><br></section><p style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% -30px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block; min-width: 10%; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: top; transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0); border-style: none solid none none; border-width: 1px 2px; border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgb(164, 40, 45) rgb(92, 107, 192) rgb(92, 107, 192); padding-right: 5px; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0); box-shadow: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 0px 0px 0px; line-height: 1; letter-spacing: 0px; width: auto; height: auto; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(164, 40, 45);padding: 5px 10px;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 17px;text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 4px;line-height: 1;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">导读</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin-right: 0%; margin-bottom: -15px; margin-left: 0%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 20px 0% 10px;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgba(164, 15, 1, 0.05);border-top: 2px solid rgba(164, 15, 1, 0.38);border-top-left-radius: 0px;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); letter-spacing: 1px; line-height: 2; padding-right: 20px; padding-left: 20px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 1.8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">从1981年第一家基金会成立至今，我国公益慈善发展的历史已经40多年了，已经涵盖扶弱、济困、扶老、救孤、恤病、助残、优抚等诸多领域，并取得了重要成就。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">公益慈善事业的最大贡献是什么？呈现哪些主要特点？又面临怎样的机遇和挑战？未来发展趋势又是怎样的？让我们听听中民社会救助研究院执行院长、家庭教育工作专业委员会副会长宋宗合的看法。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">来源：中国妇女发展基金会《她公益》（原文有删减），本文仅代表作者观点，不代表本机构立场。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></span></section></section><p style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 20%;max-width: 100%;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(171, 171, 171);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 20%;max-width: 100%;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="border-bottom: 0.65em solid rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-left: 1em solid transparent;border-right: 1em solid transparent;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="width: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="width: 2em;line-height: 1em;height: 1em;background-color: rgb(164, 40, 45);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;text-align: unset;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</p></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="border-top: 0.65em solid rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-left: 1em solid transparent;border-right: 1em solid transparent;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 20%;max-width: 100%;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(171, 171, 171);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="color: rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;text-align: unset;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 18px;text-align: unset;box-sizing: border-box;">公益慈善的最大贡献</span></strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section><p style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">从2016年《慈善法》出台到现在，<span style="color: rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;">雨林化、多层次的公益慈善组织都出现了，包括免登团体，国字头基金会，草根组织，以及社工机构、志愿者团队等处在一个生态并行的阶段。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">同时，中国的慈善资源供给体系也在逐渐完善，从纯粹依赖境外机构到民营企业成为捐赠的脊梁，再到政府开始购买服务，整个发展脉络其实是参照西方的模式，就是“三驾马车”，首先是吸引政府的购买服务，第二是靠社会募捐，第三是跟市场衔接。有了这三方面的资源供给，才供养了这么多公益慈善组织能够稳定运营。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">但是，这些资源的总量这么多年并没有多大变化，一直平均在每年1500亿左右的水平。这么有限的资源，慈善组织还在不断增加，这些组织之间就必然存在竞合关系，内卷。<span style="color: rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;">据基金会中心网统计，头部20家基金会占到了整个捐赠资源的百分之五六十。当然，在商业领域也是如此，大公司往往占据更多的资源。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">这种情况下，我注意到一些公益慈善组织的运营思路在发生变化，从热情地参与到作为社会治理的主体，既满足社会需求，又要能够生存发展，作为一个“新物种”在探索前行。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">作为资源供给主体的企业也在发生变化，不再是政府一倡导就捐，从盲从到现在更具理性化，并成为一种“战略公益”，使自己的价值理念得到表达和实现。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">政府也在成长，一方面修订《政府购买服务管理办法》进行职能转移和权力下放，政府和公益慈善组织的关系，经历了从开始的不信任到信任，社会需求变化后又产生怀疑、观望，再到购买。西方政府购买也有这样一个过程。所以，中国公益慈善组织就要考虑，如何在这种政府思维轮回中找到一个契机，尽可能多地争取政府资源。而且，现在因为疫情原因，经济下滑，政府购买服务的量减少了。另一方面，政府其实也对社会组织的效率产生了怀疑，花了那么多钱到底有多大的效果？</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">也就是说，这三方主体都在发生变化。另外，还有一个“无声”的主体，就是受益人，他们到底有什么样的变化？实际上，中国公益慈善运营这么多年，对于成果以及受益人的诉求的关注度还是不够。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">在整个国家治理体系和治理能力中，能够把社会治理的内涵和定义确定下来，并逐渐清晰化，跟政府治理和市场治理并列。我认为这是中国公益慈善事业最大的贡献，而不是为整个经济发展贡献了多少GDP，每年一千多亿元的捐赠总量太微不足道了。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">因此，公益慈善组织要逐渐认识到自身的定位。历年政府工作报告都指出，<span style="color: rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;">公益慈善是社会保障的补充，但现在实际上也是社会治理的重要组成部分。</span>而且同时还参与了社会经济发展的运行，我们讲公益慈善是第三次分配的主要实现形式，但在一次分配和二次分配中也都有公益慈善的身影，它实际是三次分配的融合。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">具体来说，从政府治理角度来看，在公益慈善事业发展的前一个时期，比如“希望工程”项目和“母亲水窖”项目分别对基础教育和用水安全的公共服务问题产生了重大影响，并促成了相关规划的产生。公益慈善组织在政府履行基本公共服务的缺失层面起到了先锋性作用。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">这些公益项目发现了某个领域的重大社会问题，通过自己的公益实践，承担了本应由政府承担的公共服务职能。实际上，“两不愁、三保障”和农村安全饮水这六方面大都是公益慈善组织发挥了一些先锋实验作用，促进了政府相关公共服务职能的完善。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">现在脱贫攻坚取得了胜利，<span style="color: rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;">中国将全面推进乡村振兴，公益慈善组织的使命还需要夯实那些比较弱的公共服务，<span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);box-sizing: border-box;">虽然起到的还是一种补充作用。</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">其次，<span style="color: rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;">由于公益慈善组织的社会倡导和动员，发挥了社会链接作用，企业贡献了自己的资源。</span>通过这种链接，市场主体对社会问题的认同感增加了，社会责任意识也增强了。所以，从市场参与社会的视角来看，是从一种“盲目状态”到了一种“责任状态”，从一个懵懂的参与者变成了一个完备的社会责任治理体系的参与者。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">最后，<span style="color: rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;">在社会治理层面，公益慈善组织还奠定了自己作为社会治理重要组成部分的角色，</span>从起初对个体的关怀到现在整个社会力量的协同，这是一个很大的进阶。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section><p style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 20%;max-width: 100%;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(171, 171, 171);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 20%;max-width: 100%;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="border-bottom: 0.65em solid rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-left: 1em solid transparent;border-right: 1em solid transparent;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="width: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="width: 2em;line-height: 1em;height: 1em;background-color: rgb(164, 40, 45);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;text-align: unset;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">2</p></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="border-top: 0.65em solid rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-left: 1em solid transparent;border-right: 1em solid transparent;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 20%;max-width: 100%;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(171, 171, 171);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="color: rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;text-align: unset;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-align: unset;font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">公益慈善组织要发挥“三位”功能</span></strong></p></section><p style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">在“共建共治共享”的社会治理新格局下，公益慈善组织如何给自己定位是最难的。比如，自己的社会责任是什么？时代分工是什么？等等。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">在我看来，公益慈善组织处于政府治理和市场治理中间，受到两方约束。可以说，它是摇摆不定的，两方主体发生变化，它就会跟着发生变化。传统的公益项目大都是促进政府基本公共服务的健全，现在随着政府基本公共服务清单越来越完善，甚至把准基本公共服务和非准基本公共服务的名单都列出来了，这种情况下，公益慈善组织的空间在哪里？你还怎么说自己是“补充”，你补什么？</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">所以，我认为公益慈善组织要在新时代找到自己的定位，应该发挥“三位”的功能。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">首先是<span style="color: rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;">“补位”</span>，这还是延续原来的概念，就是如何以问题为导向发现当下社会中存在的问题和漏洞，然后进行有效“补位”，比如在养老事业中，涉及的服务领域涵盖生活照料、心理抚慰、文化娱乐等老年人日常需求的方方面面，公益慈善组织都能发挥作用。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">其次是<span style="color: rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;">“叠位”</span>，政府提供的基本公共服务，有的相对水平比较低。这时候，公益慈善组织就要考虑，是否能通过叠加服务，让这种基本公共服务的水平得以提升。比如，大病救助规定了门诊费和住院费的报销比例，超限之外医保解决不了，公益慈善组织就可以开展相应的公益项目，比如妇基会开展的“加油木兰”女性公益保险项目，还有中国乡村发展基金会的顶梁柱公益保险项目，就是如此。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">最后是<span style="color: rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;">“错位”</span>，公益慈善组织要学会错开政府部门所做的事“经营”。比如，政府强调的是救急难，但是在心理援助和个案帮扶上，政府可能搞不了也搞不好，这就是公益慈善组织的空间。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">这“三个位”是公益慈善组织在设计项目时，必须要考虑的。不能说政府干的就不干，政府该干的也不干，不能有对抗思维，在公共服务均等化上，要知道政府有责任，市场有责任，社会也有责任。政府解决的是公共服务兜底的部分，市场解决的是消费关系的问题，兜底部分和消费部分的中间过渡地带，需要公益慈善组织主动参与，主动发现，进而设计公益项目。说是机会，但也是挑战，因为要精准地发现社会问题，也是很难的。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">还有一个挑战，是公益慈善组织在信息化时代的系统统筹能力。在信息化时代，公益慈善组织也需要“慈善算法”，比如设计项目时如何更精准地界定服务对象？如何更合理地匹配资金？采取什么样的服务工具和手段？包括执行团队问题如何避免不科学和效果难以追踪等问题。公益慈善组织在信息化时代不掌握这种“慈善算法”，那未来就会掉队，就会被慈善市场淘汰。社会问题不但解决不了，还会造成行业公信力的下降。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section><p style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 20%;max-width: 100%;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(171, 171, 171);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 20%;max-width: 100%;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="border-bottom: 0.65em solid rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-left: 1em solid transparent;border-right: 1em solid transparent;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="width: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="width: 2em;line-height: 1em;height: 1em;background-color: rgb(164, 40, 45);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;text-align: unset;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">3</p></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="border-top: 0.65em solid rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-left: 1em solid transparent;border-right: 1em solid transparent;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 20%;max-width: 100%;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(171, 171, 171);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;max-width: 100%;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 18px;color: rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;text-align: unset;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">公益慈善组织要掌握四种趋势</strong></p></section><p style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">进入新时代，我国社会主要矛盾发生了深刻变化。从原来解决生产关系的问题，到现在是解决人民的幸福感问题，这种经济社会发展的目标跟公益慈善事业发展的目标是非常契合的。比如，政府提出的第三次分配、共同富裕等政策给了公益慈善事业发展的空间和舞台。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;">如何判断公益慈善事业的发展趋势呢？</span>我国提出要实现国家治理体系现代化和国家治理能力现代化，必然要求构建社会治理协同机制。这种情况下，公益慈善组织如何发挥作用，需要把握四个方面：</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;">一是可持续发展，包括资金的可持续，运营的可持续，管理的可持续，以及人才的可持续，等等。</span>公益慈善组织作为社会治理的主体，应该让自己的定位更清晰化，存在感更强。所以，如何健全资金、运营、管理、人才等这些支撑要素就变得至关重要。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;">二是理念上要做正向促进。</span>设计公益项目对社会应该是一种正向促进，不是养懒汉，不能造成受助人的依赖，更不会造成新的社会不公。事实上，很多公益慈善组织都不重视正向促进，往往是拿了钱就做项目，至于这个项目是促进社会进步，还是遏制社会进步，甚至是产生完全相反的作用，并没有做深入的分析，以致造成很多问题。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;">第三，公益项目应该促进社会的安全感和幸福感。</span>虽然这种提法比较虚，但很重要，它是跟成果关联的。公益项目给服务对象带去的不单是物质的帮扶，更多的应该是心灵的满足和安全感，让他感觉温暖，对社会充满信心，而不是仇视社会，制造社会不安定分子。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;">最后，公益慈善组织的空间是在“非政府”和“非市场”的中间地带，资源既可以来自政府购买服务，也可以来源于市场企业的捐赠。</span>当然，中间这个混沌状态是动态的，当公益慈善组织发现的社会问题真正变成一个市场机会的时候，那就直接走向市场了，或者这个社会问题被政府“买单”，就上升为一种政策。所以，公益慈善就是在混沌空间开疆拓土，才能玩得转，否则，你没办法独立。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">总之，如果能够掌握这4个趋势，我国公益慈善带来的未来发展还是很有希望的。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 44%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="border-top: 1px solid rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section><section style="margin-top: 3px; border-top: 4px solid rgb(164, 40, 45); box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -3px 0% 10px;text-align: center;font-size: 13px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="background-color: rgb(164, 40, 45);display: inline-block;width: 2.5em;height: 2.5em;line-height: 2.5em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;color: rgb(255, 255, 240);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">END</p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 44%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="border-top: 1px solid rgb(164, 40, 45);box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section><section style="margin-top: 3px; border-top: 4px solid rgb(164, 40, 45); box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><p style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p><section style="color: rgb(165, 163, 163);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">版面 / 责任编辑：小雨</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">总编辑：也顾</span></p></section><section style="text-align: right; box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;line-height: 1;margin-bottom: 2px;color: rgb(164, 40, 45);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p></section><section style="max-width: 100%;display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;line-height: 0;width: 6%;box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></span></section></section></section></section><p style="display: none;"><mp-style-type data-value="10000"></mp-style-type></p><br>转载声明：本文转载自「友成企业家乡村发展基金会」，搜索「youchangefoundation」即可关注，[<a target="_blank" href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/SEf0ju-dJXZNWOZtTAKssw">阅读原文</a>]。</div><p></p>
页:
[1]