乡村振兴背景下如何做有“根”的教育
<div style="max-width:677px !important;"><section data-role="paragraph" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);text-align: start;white-space: normal;max-inline-size: 100%;border: 0px none;z-index: 0;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by 135editor.com"><section data-role="paragraph" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);text-size-adjust: auto;max-inline-size: 100%;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: initial;z-index: 0;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">“近年来,我常去农村地区调研乡村教育,发现一个镇中心学校,有两三百人在里面上学,但镇子下面的三所乡村小学,每所学校只有不到二三十人就读。这三所村小之所以还存在,是因为这三个地方离乡镇太远了,要翻山越岭,孩子们没有办法去镇里学习。”</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">2021年3月13日—14日在北京举办的“做有根的教育·中国乡村教育振兴研讨会”上,全国政协委员、新东方教育科技集团董事长俞敏洪在主旨演讲中分享了自己近年来在农村调研中看到的乡村学校的现状。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">随着城镇化的快速推进,县域内学龄人口从农村不断向县镇集聚,乡村学校学龄人口密度不断下降,出现了“城挤乡空”的县域教育发展困局。“乡村一级学校的学生人数还会减少。”在俞敏洪看来,在城镇化背景下,乡村人口外迁,且回流难度非常大。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">乡村教育目前遇到的问题和困境有哪些?步入新时期,我国乡村教育面临着哪些变化趋势和挑战?乡村教育要培养什么样的人才?是重复城市模式还是回归乡土本原?“城挤乡空”的教育局面怎么破解,乡村学校会不会慢慢消失?在全力推进乡村振兴背景下,公益组织可以发挥怎样的角色和作用?</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">为此,21世纪教育研究院与新东方教育科技集团联合主办了“做有根的教育:中国乡村教育振兴研讨会”,将教育领域专家、学者,教育行政管理人员,乡村学校校长和老师,公益组织代表聚集在一起,探讨和寻求体现教育规律、根植于我国乡村教育现实的创新解决方案。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span>https://www.gongyi020.com/data/attachment/forum/202103/23/1697120c932d3dd8324929a652bf549c.jpeg</span><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(127, 127, 127);font-size: 14px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">3月13-14日,做有根的教育:中国乡村教育振兴研讨会</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(127, 127, 127);font-size: 14px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"></span></p><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="101339"><section style="margin: 10px auto;text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;"><section style="box-sizing:border-box;width: 30px;margin-right: -1em;margin-top: -10px;transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-ms-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);"><span>https://www.gongyi020.com/data/attachment/forum/202103/23/d79b959f8381fca1f37c9e840a66adb6.png</span></section><section data-brushtype="text" style="font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;padding: 5px 1.5em 5px 2em;color: #fff;font-weight: bold;border-radius: 30px;background: #69bc91;border-top-left-radius: 0px;border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;">乡村教育的症结在哪?</section></section><section><section style="box-sizing:border-box;background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgb(148, 205, 196) 10%, rgb(172, 222, 152) 100%);height: 1px;margin-top: 4px;width: 90%;overflow: hidden;" data-width="90%"><br></section></section></section></section></section><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"></span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">根据教育部发展规划司历年统计,2013年我国乡村小学数量为14万所,2014年的数量为12.9万所,到2019年,降至8.9万所。7年的时间,超5万所乡村小学被撤销或合并。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">俞敏洪在多年的走访调研中发现,乡村里条件非常好的家庭基本都搬去了省城,条件相对较好的家庭搬去了地级市,相对不错的家庭会选择搬去县级市,条件一般的也会努力搬去镇上。在这些迁移的家庭中,有一半以上是为了孩子移动的,因为他们认为好的教育资源都在城市里。即使是在他的老家江苏省江阴市,一个县的年产值数千亿,但依然存在城乡教育不均衡问题。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align: center; margin-right: 5px; margin-left: 5px; max-inline-size: 100%; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 1.5px; box-sizing: border-box !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="text-align: center; margin-right: 5px; margin-left: 5px; max-inline-size: 100%; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 1.5px; box-sizing: border-box !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(127, 127, 127);font-size: 14px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">全国政协委员、新东方教育科技集团董事长俞敏洪</span><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">“只有乡村发展找到新出路,乡村教育才能找到新方向。”俞敏洪的观点是,未来乡村教育的常态可能是以镇一级的住宿制学校为核心,待乡村发展稳定后再摸索出一套合适的乡村教育发展模式,这中间至少需要10到20年。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span>https://www.gongyi020.com/data/attachment/forum/202103/23/f5ea0866da72b07715975f45c88b18a2.png</span><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">21世纪教育研究院理事长、国家教育咨询委员会委员杨东平向大家展示了一组城市进程的最新数据,2019年中国常住人口城镇化率60.6%,但是小学生的城镇化率75.8%,初中生的城镇化率86.5%,分别比常住人口城镇化率高15.2%和25.9%。“也就是说,大量的农村学生进城上学,这个数字和图表尖锐的揭示了城乡之间教育巨大的不均衡。”</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">在杨东平看来,乡村教育的问题,很大程度上不是教育本身的问题,“除了少子化、老龄化这些城乡共有的特点,家庭功能退化在农村也非常显著,许多家庭都是亲子分离,或者是单亲家庭、失能家庭,这都占比很高,曾经的‘乡土社会’正逐渐成为‘离土社会’。”</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">杨东平认为,乡村教育的振兴,实际上是乡村文化、乡村社会的恢复重建。只有在乡村建设的视野当中,才能够破解乡村教育的难题。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span>https://www.gongyi020.com/data/attachment/forum/202103/23/ed2427e3aa7d364f1bfe695ee5cbdc1a.jpeg</span><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(127, 127, 127);font-size: 14px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">21世纪教育研究院理事长杨东平</span><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">在西北师范大学教育学院副教授、副院长高小强看来,要想保障当下仍在乡村的孩子的教育,核心仍然是乡村教师,要通过改变乡村教师来改变乡村学子。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">“乡村老师最大的问题是从小到大的过程中接受的是城市化教育,从文化上已经脱离了我们的根。”高小强说。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">从20世纪80年代开始,大量以公平导向、偏向农村教育的政策和措施岀台。北京大学中国教育财政科学研究所副研究员宋映泉从财政投入角度谈到,自2005年以来,有“特岗教师计划”、“乡村教师提升计划”等项目,政府在财政上尽可能促进乡村教师的供给,提高和保障乡村教师的待遇。但是,“要想保障乡村教师留下来,目前的激励政策是不够的。”</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">在俞敏洪看来,如果想吸引更多优秀老师到乡村教学,其薪资水平应该比城市老师高出30%。“我现在听说的是,乡村教师工资比城市教师高出10%左右,每个月能多拿几百块钱,如果能提高到30%的话,他们每个月大约能多拿1千到2千块钱,这个吸引力就上去了。”</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"></span></p><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="101339"><section style="margin: 10px auto;text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;"><section style="box-sizing:border-box;width: 30px;margin-right: -1em;margin-top: -10px;transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-ms-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);"><span>https://www.gongyi020.com/data/attachment/forum/202103/23/d79b959f8381fca1f37c9e840a66adb6.png</span></section><section data-brushtype="text" style="font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;padding: 5px 1.5em 5px 2em;color: #fff;font-weight: bold;border-radius: 30px;background: #69bc91;border-top-left-radius: 0px;border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;">各方探索乡村教育破题路径</section></section><section><section style="box-sizing:border-box;background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgb(148, 205, 196) 10%, rgb(172, 222, 152) 100%);height: 1px;margin-top: 4px;width: 90%;overflow: hidden;" data-width="90%"><br></section></section></section></section></section><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">近年来,为了给乡村孩子提供更优质、适切的教育,许多扎根乡村教育一线的校长、老师、公益人做出了很多的努力。</span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><br></p><p style="text-align: center;"><span>https://www.gongyi020.com/data/attachment/forum/202103/23/d36b8620364042a65b7c6b9c1c3176ff.jpeg</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">10年前,詹大年从公办学校的校长岗位上辞职,创办了民办中学——昆明丑小鸭中学,旨在专门帮助“问题孩子”,10年间让2000多个“问题孩子”回归到了正常的生命状态。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">据詹大年介绍,校园里,孩子们把篱笆变成了他们想要的样子,把冷冰冰的铁皮画得浪漫可爱,他们自己布置教室,自己设计、布置阅览室。寝室很老旧,孩子们就把寝室画成了星空、森林。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">“多轮车、射箭、瑜伽、吉他……这些是丑小鸭中学的课程,有的课程没有老师,孩子们自己是老师。”在昆明丑小鸭中学校长詹大年看来,好的教育应该是让孩子建立好的关系。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">“现在许多父母和老师都把孩子不爱学习、沉迷网络、依赖手机等行为归类为学习问题,这其实是学生的关系问题。”詹大年说。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">丑小鸭中学虽然不是以教育乡村孩子为主,但对于乡村教育却有借鉴意义。詹大年认为,人是关系的动物,社会是关系的产物,网瘾少年之所以沉迷网络,是因为他在现实生活中的关系断裂。学校和家庭的功能缺失,让孩子在情感上自然地朝虚拟世界建立联系。“如果孩子现实关系没有,网络关系也没有,那他就只会望着窗户发呆,这是很可怕的。”</span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><br></p><p style="text-align: center;"><span>https://www.gongyi020.com/data/attachment/forum/202103/23/a4c963a12ae7aafb513da0fc31098d71.jpeg</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(127, 127, 127);font-size: 14px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">昆明丑小鸭中学</span><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">为了让学生感到需求、信任、平等,让学习在真实、自然、自由的情境中发生,詹大年觉得要从孩子的视角来做教育。他把教学称为学习;让作业变成作品;把管理改为治理。“教学,是你教我学,但学习,是我主动去学;作业,是机械重复的,作品,是可以创造并拿来欣赏的;管理,是上级管束下级,而治理,是大家平等地参与,商量着办事。”</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">“我们没有教务处,只有学习部。没有后勤处,只有生活部。”其核心目的是建立师生之间信任、需求、平等的关系。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">詹大年的观点与深圳市恒晖儿童公益基金会理事长陈行甲不谋而合,陈行甲认为做乡村教育,要了解孩子们真正需要什么,把对他们的关爱用在真正需要的地方。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">“我小学时学过一篇课文叫《山的那边是海》,虽然我生在湖北山村,没有见过大海,只见过村里的那条小河,但这篇文章却激起了我想走出去看看大海的梦想。”陈行甲认为,现在许多乡村孩子最需要的已不再是当初的硬件设施,而是像自己儿时那种想去“山的那边看海”的内动力。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">陈行甲说,他想激发农村孩子对美好事物的体悟能力、对世界的好奇心以及追逐梦想的动力。因此,他每年会从定点帮扶的贫困山区邀请50名学生和6位老师一起到深圳看海、坐地铁、去世界之窗游玩。他想通过这种方式,让孩子们看到山外面更大的世界,从而激发他们的内生动力。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span>https://www.gongyi020.com/data/attachment/forum/202103/23/1a14dcee74a36c7831f62e4949448fe0.jpeg</span><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(127, 127, 127);font-size: 14px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">塘房小学第十三届校运动会</span><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">贵州黔西南巴黎镇塘房小学是镇里地理位置最边远的一所学校,17年来辍学率为0。校长吴雄介绍到:“我们是一所有标准、弱竞争的学校。学校里不再评优秀班级,我们希望塑造一种大家互相帮助、共同成长的氛围。”</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">值得一提的是,吴雄带领全体教职工捐款建立了“塘房基金”,用来重点帮助贫困孤儿和留守儿童及走在失学边缘的孩子们完成九年义务教育,截至目前有30余位老师义务参与,共资助20余名学生。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">吴雄说,他们是“不追求特色、也没有特色”的学校,尽可能地培养孩子们的宽度,再根据孩子的兴趣、需要提供帮助,而不是一刀切的对孩子们进行教育。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"></span></p><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="101339"><section style="margin: 10px auto;text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;"><section style="box-sizing:border-box;width: 30px;margin-right: -1em;margin-top: -10px;transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-ms-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);"><span>https://www.gongyi020.com/data/attachment/forum/202103/23/d79b959f8381fca1f37c9e840a66adb6.png</span></section><section data-brushtype="text" style="font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;padding: 5px 1.5em 5px 2em;color: #fff;font-weight: bold;border-radius: 30px;background: #69bc91;border-top-left-radius: 0px;border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;">公益组织可以做哪些方向的努力</section></section><section><section style="box-sizing:border-box;background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgb(148, 205, 196) 10%, rgb(172, 222, 152) 100%);height: 1px;margin-top: 4px;width: 90%;overflow: hidden;" data-width="90%"><br></section></section></section></section></section><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"></span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">教育是实现社会底层向上流动最公平、最有效的通道,在这方面,社会公益力量大有可为。据数据统计,中国超过40%的公益组织都在为教育助力。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">国务院参事、友成企业家扶贫基金会副理事长汤敏曾在聚力乡村教育振兴论坛上指出,很多人认为乡村教育振兴有政府的关心和投入以及企业的支持和参与就可以实现。但实际上社会各个层次都有其各自的分工,公益组织和政府、企业联合起来可以解决政府顾及不到、实施效果不理想,以及企业从商业角度无法涉足的领域。这就是公益组织在乡村教育振兴上的定位。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">事实上,很多公益组织都在做类似的事情,比如怎样改变目前中国教育最底层的小规模学校使他们成为一个教育高地?如何将小规模学校的优秀案例进行更大规模的推广?</span><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;">这些问题就需要公益组织去推动和支持。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">在深圳市恒晖儿童公益基金会理事长陈行甲看来,贫困地区和城市的教育鸿沟,并非体现在“Knowledge”和“Skill”上,而是体现在“Attitude”上,即对于美好事物的体悟能力、对于世界的好奇心、对于人生成长的内动力,因此教育公益要着眼于对于乡村孩子审美教育、视野拓展、梦想激励等“软性实力”的培养。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span>https://www.gongyi020.com/data/attachment/forum/202103/23/7093ee3fe7be0fd377a615ec17bf446b.jpeg</span><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">北京慈弘慈善基金会作为多年深耕乡村教育的公益组织,一直致力于用公益的方式支持我国欠发达地区的教育发展,探索乡村教育的激活。其发起的公益项目“乡村师生赋能计划”针对贫困地区的留守儿童出现的身心问题和教育缺失开发了一套培养学生健康素养和提升学生自我效能感的综合性课程。以培养乡村儿童社会情感技能的发展,聚焦中国儿童发展核心素养,精准地找到乡村教师的专业发展需求及教师培训切实有效的实施路径。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">通过多年乡村教育的探索和总结,北京慈弘慈善基金会秘书长助理李雪婷认为,公益组织可以通过自身资源及优势为乡村学校提供更多创新思路和成长路径,帮助乡村学校找到自身的教学优势,激活乡村学校的教学活力从而提升教育质量。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">同样作为深耕乡村教育领域的公益组织,自2007年以来,真爱梦想一直致力于青少年教育公益事业,旨在通过其项目和服务解决中国教育领域发展不均等问题。在上海真爱梦想基金会理事长潘江雪看来,公益组织可以通过组建民间新师范课程体系,遴选优质资源,补充既有的乡村教师培养和发展体系。尤其是在职发展;立足乡村振兴与社区发展,提供多元能力指导,打造教师新乡贤,提供资金、知识、资源等项目支持;提供多元优质的儿童素养教育课程资源,保证乡村孩子上齐上全国家课程。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"></span></p><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="101339"><section style="margin: 10px auto;text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;"><section style="box-sizing:border-box;width: 30px;margin-right: -1em;margin-top: -10px;transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-ms-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);"><span>https://www.gongyi020.com/data/attachment/forum/202103/23/d79b959f8381fca1f37c9e840a66adb6.png</span></section><section data-brushtype="text" style="font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;padding: 5px 1.5em 5px 2em;color: #fff;font-weight: bold;border-radius: 30px;background: #69bc91;border-top-left-radius: 0px;border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;">乡村教育的出路在哪里?</section></section><section><section style="box-sizing:border-box;background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgb(148, 205, 196) 10%, rgb(172, 222, 152) 100%);height: 1px;margin-top: 4px;width: 90%;overflow: hidden;" data-width="90%"><br></section></section></section></section></section><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"></span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">随着乡村脱贫攻坚取得全面胜利以及互联网的普及,乡村教育问题的解决出现了新背景和新契机。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span>https://www.gongyi020.com/data/attachment/forum/202103/24/277bee5bedac1b17e1df1434d56e181b.jpeg</span><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">杨东平认为,“乡村振兴和乡村教育谁为因谁为果,谁先谁后没有标准答案。”俞敏洪也表示:“乡村振兴和乡村教育,其实这两个是互为因果的。”</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">无论谁先谁后,不可否认的是,在乡村振兴这个新的历史起点,乡村教育问题必然是最核心的“门槛”。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">“当前乡村面临着很多问题,例如家庭问题、父母问题、孩子的成长环境问题。与此相应,乡村学校也遇到很多问题,例如人口自然的迁徙、学校规模在不断缩小,乡村老师的出路问题、质量问题、待遇问题等等。”俞敏洪说。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">谈及乡村教育当前需要改变的现状,李雪婷告诉《公益时报》记者:乡村教育需要逐步实现学区间同等规模学校间的交流及共享机制。学校层面需要把握国家课程的教学目标,探索本土化实施方案。与此同时,乡村教师需要具备以课程目标为导向的课程设计能力,需要定标、对标的教学技术,需要获得更多有助于开展本土化课程及多元化教学评价的专业能力发展的方法和路径。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span>https://www.gongyi020.com/data/attachment/forum/202103/24/cba6b1160af365870516f4df22723804.jpeg</span><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">在潘江雪看来,乡村教育需要改变的现状是立足十四五时期,从发展乡村教师的培养体系入手,加快建设优质教师队伍;加强全面育人,特别是品格教育和心理健康方面的师资配备、优质素养教育课程资源和系统的师资培训。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">为此,潘江雪建议,首先,促进优质教育培训资源在线化,推动乡村教师的自适应成长课程;其次,加快民间新师范补充课程,提升乡村教师职业化、专业化水平;最后,扩大教育先进理念传播,打造多元路径培养乡村教师,推动乡村教师走向新乡贤,打开乡村学校大门,使得学校恢复为社区的文化和学习中心,在乡村振兴战略中努力发挥新乡贤示范引领作用。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">研讨会最后,俞敏洪对未来几十年农村教育的趋势作出了判断。他认为随着城镇化的推进和农村人口的外流,农村学校的规模会进一步减小,镇一级为核心的住宿制学校或成为中国乡村教育的常态。在这个过程中,国家应采取措施确保教育资源的公平分配,交通、住宿、学习环境的健全,提升乡村对优秀教师的吸引力;民间则可以通过互联网、人工智能等技术向更广泛的地区传递优质教育资源,还可以争取更多有影响力的人参与到乡村教育中来。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">与此同时,俞敏洪呼吁嘉宾提出对乡村教育振兴的几点展望。儿童本位、教师成长、学校自主、扎根乡土、区域生态,成为最频繁被提及的五个关键词。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align:justify;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;max-inline-size: 100%;min-height: 1em;cursor: text;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%;cursor: text;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Light;box-sizing: border-box !important;outline: none 0px !important;">在未来的乡村教育图景里,我们希望能够看得见孩子,关注儿童情感陪伴,培养学生学习兴趣与求索精神;看得见老师,完善教师激励机制,设立教师个人成长基金;看得见学校,尊重办学自主权、构建村小和中心校共同体;看得见土地,建立探究式乡土课程体系,培养农村学生归属感与对家乡文化认同感;看得见区域,创新教育管理制度,改善区域生态,为种子的萌芽积蓄能量,静待花开。</span></p></section><p style="text-align:left;line-height: 25.6px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;"><br></p><p style="text-align:center;line-height: 25.6px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-size: 16px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: 1.6;color: rgb(56, 60, 60);font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">- END -</span></strong></p>
<span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(115, 115, 115);font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">作者<span style="color: rgb(100, 102, 104);">/ </span>李庆</span><br></p><p style="margin: 5px 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;line-height: 1.5em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(100, 102, 104);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">责任编辑<span style="color: rgb(115, 115, 115);"><span style="color: rgb(100, 102, 104);">/ 王勇</span></span> </span></span><span style="color: rgb(100, 102, 104);font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;">排版</span><span style="color: rgb(100, 102, 104);font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;"><span style="color: rgb(115, 115, 115);"><span style="color: rgb(100, 102, 104);">/ </span></span></span><span style="color: rgb(100, 102, 104);font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;">吴丽萍</span></p><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin: 5px 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;line-height: 1.5em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span>https://www.gongyi020.com/data/attachment/forum/202103/24/a5595085373f251d15a9145d28c46e60.jpeg</span></p></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(115, 115, 115);font-size: 12px;line-height: 1.6;letter-spacing: 1px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin: 5px 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;line-height: 1.5em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">来源:公益时报</p></section>
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